It is arguably thanks to one man that up to two million youngsters will gather in a field outside Kraków on Sunday for the closing Mass of World Youth Day. He will not be there in person, of course, but will certainly be present in spirit. For it was in the southern Polish city, and its verdant surroundings, that he began an unconventional mission that has touched the lives of millions.
The communist authorities at the time strongly discouraged Catholic youth ministry. They wanted a monopoly on the hearts and minds of Poland’s youngsters. The charismatic young priest would need to use all his considerable creativity to draw the city’s teenagers deeper into the life of the Church. To succeed, he had to engage in subterfuge. On camping trips he asked his young companions to call him “Uncle”, rather than “Father”, so as not to arouse suspicions. He celebrated Mass for them by the riverside, unobserved, on an improvised altar, with two paddles bound together to form a cross.
Working within these severe constraints, in an atmosphere of constant fear, the priest created a new form of youth ministry. He truly shared, as Vatican II would put it years later, in “the joys and the hopes, the griefs and the anxieties” of his young flock. Decades before the phrase “pastoral accompaniment” became popular, he walked beside youngsters as they made life-defining decisions: pursuing marriage, priesthood or the religious life. The priest ensured that when they thought of the Church years later they wouldn’t picture a grey edifice, but a friendly human face.
Youth ministry is never easy, but everyone who has ever struggled to pass on the faith to young people should take heart from the story of Fr Karol Wojtyła. He faced far greater obstacles than we are ever likely to – and overcame them all.
After he was elected pope, John Paul II applied what he had learned in Kraków on a global scale. He came up with the idea of an annual World Youth Day in 1985. The event began modestly – as youth work tends to – with a celebration in dioceses in 1986. A year later, World Youth Day hit the road, moving first to Buenos Aires and then to Santiago de Compostela and Częstochowa.
In Denver in 1993, the initiative faced its first great challenge. Up to then, World Youth Day venues had been safe bets: capital cities in majority Catholic countries or world-famous shrines. Could the event be staged successfully in a largely Protestant country in a city hardly synonymous with Catholicism? Yes, it could. A decade later, Archbishop Charles Chaput said that Denver was “dramatically different” as a result of World Youth Day and the city’s two seminaries were now “literally running out of room for candidates”. The impact wasn’t confined to the host city. Countless young pilgrims returned to their home countries to test their vocations.
In Britain today it is rare to find a seminarian or candidate for religious life who has never attended World Youth Day. As pilgrims kneel in Kraków’s “Mercy Field” during the papal Mass on Sunday, we should say a little prayer of thanksgiving for this astonishing gift to the Church.
The Pope’s new apostolic constitution for contemplative female religious, Vultum Dei quaerere, is unlikely to make headlines round the world. After all, it is directed to a relatively small and unknown group, cloistered nuns, who, though numbering many thousands in the Church, are of their very nature not seen much in the world. Yet the document itself gives us several important pointers as to the direction the Franciscan papacy is taking.
There are several admirable things in the apostolic constitution, especially the sections on the importance of prayer and the value that the Church attaches to the contemplative life. At the same time, some of the changes that the constitution will effect, through changes to canon law, are of interest.
First of all, monasteries and priories are to lose, in some circumstances, their autonomy, by being forced to join federations of religious houses. This will mean that if a community declines in numbers and needs to be closed down, the federation will be able to effect this, unless it decides to “replant” the community with new members. This represents a substantial change, as until now most monasteries and priories have been independent. Moreover, the document specifically rules out a favoured (until now) strategy of declining communities, namely the recruiting of new members from other countries (typically developing ones) to ensure survival. This will no longer be allowed.
The document clearly wishes that all important decisions communities make will be referred to Rome for approval. This centralising tendency may well lead to future problems, given the slowness with which the Roman Curia can sometimes move. One is left asking: might it be better for religious communities of women, who have dedicated their lives to God, and who live exemplary lives of prayer and seclusion, to be trusted, in normal circumstances, to make their own decisions about matters which affect themselves more than anyone else?
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