The 99-year-old Bishop Andrea Han Jingtao was secretly appointed bishop of Siping in 1982, but his underground ordination could only happen in 1986.

If Cardinal Parolin and Archbishop Gallagher are clear-eyed regarding the terms of their arrangement, so is Cardinal Zen in his estimation of its effect.

Archbishop Gallagher's remarks came in an interview with Crux.

Cardinal John Tong says the deal will end a 'crisis of division' between official and underground churches